3D Rendering

Rendering means synthesis

3D Rendering: 

It is the 3d computer graphics process of Automatically converting 3d wire-frame models into 2d images in a computer. 3d renders may include photo-realistic effects or non photo-realistic  rendering. This technique using computer programs to create the object in space, and elements that include shading lighting and texture.
Modelling is how you make the object. It is just like building the figure. Rendering is all about taking the actual picture of figure once it has built. In general think of modelling as making the things and Rendering as taking picture of the things.

3D Drawing and Rendering:
Drawing in perspective or in 3d on 2d surface takes special skills and time. Now 3d inexpensive pc’s and 3d modelling software is used. Animation programs like Daz3d, Auto-disk’s Maya are used for game designing or special effects in movies for 3d , The depth (z dimension of cubes and spheres must be calculated and displayed so that perspective of rendered object seems correct to the eye.
A great deal of information is needed to display a scene. Scene consists of objects that in turn contain many small objects such as blocks, cylinders or cubes (described by mathematical formulae) more elements in an object, more complicated is its structure and final is resolution and smoothness objects and elements in 3d space they carry with properties such as shape color, texture and location they can be created by modelling using 3d application. To model an object you must start with a shape. Shape can be created from scratch or import from the libraries of geometric shapes called primitives.

There are two ways to render a 2d images to 3d, these are Lathe and Extrude.

Extrude

When you extrude a plane surface its shape extends some distance either perpendicular to the shape outline or along a defying path.

Lathe

When you lathe a shape a profile of shape is rotated around a defined axis to create a 3d object.

Panorama

Panorama is also known as wide format photography.
To make this work you need to stich together many different images taken from different angles in a circle. Panorama is any wide angle view or representation of physical space whether on painting , photography movies (film) seismic images or 3d models.